Study of serum lipids as atherogenic risk factor in preclinical diabetes

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Original Article

Author Details : Mukesh R Dinkar, Alpna Mathur, Bharat H Patel

Volume : 5, Issue : 3, Year : 2018

Article Page : 320-325

https://doi.org/10.18231/2394-2126.2018.0074

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Abstract

Introduction and Objective: Preclinical diabetes has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Indian population. The current study was conducted to screen out preclinical diabetes (impaired fasting glycemia and impaired glucose tolerance) and assess serum lipids as atherogenic risk factor for future cardiovascular complications. We compared serum lipids in subjects with IFG and IGT to find out the high risk population so that early interventions can be done to prevent future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Materials and Methods: 200 non-diabetic apparently healthy subjects were selected for the study. 75g oral Glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed in all of them, plasma glucose levels were estimated by GOD-POD method. Based on criteria by American Diabetic Association they were divided in four groups: Group I Normal fasting Glucose/Normal glucose tolerance (NFG/NGT, n=70), Group II isolated Impaired fasting glucose (iIFG, n=34),Group III isolated Impired glucose tolerance (iIGT, n=38), Group IV Impaired fasting glucose and IGT(IFG/IGT, n=54).Serum cholesterol, Triglycerides and HDL were estimated in the morning fasting samples from all the subjects and compared among the groups.
Results: The current study showed that Serum LDL and Triglycerides were significantly higher and serum HDL is significantly lower in prediabetic subjects (iIGT, iIGT, IFG/IGT) when compared with Control subjects (NFG/NGT). Also Serum LDL was significantly higher in those with iIGT and IFG/IGT as compared to those with iIFG thus increasing atherogenic risk in iIGT subjects. Also it was observed that Serum LDL, TG and HDL do not show significant changes between those having iIGT and IFG/IGT. Also these levels were comparable in those with iIFG and NGT. A positive correlation is also found between serum lipids and other known cardiovascular risk factors like BMI, Systolic blood pressure and Rate pressure product in prediabetic subjects.
Conclusion: This suggested that iIGT subjects having raised LDL, TG and low HDL were at a higher risk of atherogenesis and future coronary heart diseases (CHD), hence can be targeted for early dietery, lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to prevent future risk of CHD.

Keywords: Impaired fasting glycemia (IFG), Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), Low density lipoprotein (LDL), Triglycerides (TG), High density Lipoprotein (HDL), Coronary Heart Disease (CHD).

How to cite : Dinkar M R, Mathur A, Patel B H, Study of serum lipids as atherogenic risk factor in preclinical diabetes. Indian J Clin Anat Physiol 2018;5(3):320-325

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