Morphological and Morphometrical study of scapulae in Western Indian Population

• Author Details:   
• Dope Santoshkumar Ankushrao
• Dattatray Digambarrao Dombe

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Scapula a bone of shoulder girdle is among the interesting bones of our body because of variations present in it. Its lateral angle becomes truncated and broadened that bears the glenoid cavity which articulates with the head of the humerus in the shoulder joint. The knowledge of the normal anatomical features and variations in shape and size of the glenoid fossa are required for better understanding of shoulder joint arthroplasty are prerequisites for complete understanding of the mechanics of shoulder joint.
Materials and Method: Total 107 scapulae; 53right sided and 54 left sided were studied macroscopically and morphometrically. Superior-Inferior Glenoid Diameter (SI), Anterior-Posterior Glenoid Diameter-1 (AP-1), Anterior-Posterior Glenoid Diameter-2 (AP-2)were measured using Vernier sliding caliper and Glenoid cavity index (GCI) was calculated also Scapular length & Breadth measured .Data was analyzed using Microsoft excel.
Results: In our morphological study the pear shaped glenoid cavity was most common type followed by inverted comma shaped and the oval glenoid cavity was least common type. Mean length and breadth of scapula was 136.07±14.1mm & 97.13 ± 10.63mm respectively. Mean SI diameter was 36.71±4.14 mm, mean diameter AP-1 was 24.85±3.50 mm, mean diameter AP-2 was 16.27±3.24 mm and GCI was 65.40±8.14%.
Conclusion: Results of our study shows that there are variations in the shape of glenoid cavity and in Indian population pear shaped glenoid cavity is most common. There are minor differences in the dimensions of the glenoid cavity of right and left side but the differences are statistically insignificant.

Keywords: Glenoid cavity, Glenoid notch, Scapulae, Glenoid cavity index, Glenoid diameter