- Visibility 302 Views
- Downloads 359 Downloads
- Permissions
- DOI 10.18231/j.ijcap.v.12.i.3.9
-
CrossMark
- Citation
Morphology and morphometry of fissures on the liver surface, an anatomical study based on cadaver dissection
- Author Details:
-
Jyoti P. Kulkarni *
-
Sohanna S.K.
-
Sandeep Gadamsetty
-
Joy A. Ghoshal
Background: Fissures are seen on various surfaces of liver. Fissures like fissure for ligamentum teres hepatis, fissure for ligamentum venosum, porta hepatis are a regular feature on the visceral surface of liver. Some fissures like fissure of Gan’s is seen as a variation. Fissures which are observed as a variation are called as accessory fissures. Fissures on the surface of liver play a crucial role in surgical navigations, radiological interpretations and anatomical studies. A comprehensive evaluation based on morphology and morphometry of these liver fissures has been done in this study.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 30 cadaver liver specimens fixed in 10% formalin. These liver specimens were obtained from human cadavers during routine undergraduate dissection classes. Morphology i.e shape of the fissure, any other associated feature and content at the base of the fissure if present was observed. Morphometry was studied by measuring the length, width and depth of fissures. Measurements were done with the help of a thread, divider and the scale.
Results: The average dimensions of fissure for ligamentum teres hepatis were found to be length 5.1cm, width 4.5mm and depth1.9cm. It was linear and vertically or sometimes obliquely placed. The average dimensions of fissure for ligamentum venosum were found to be length 6.1cm, width 7mm and depth 2.5cm. It was curvilinear and vertically placed. The average circumference of porta hepatis was 10.6cm and it had oval to elliptical silhouette. Amongst the accessory fissures the fissure of Gan’s which is also called as Rouviere’s sulcus was seen in 76.6% of cases with a curvilinear shape. Apart from fissure of Gan’s, there were other accessory fissures seen as a variation on the posterior surface of right lobe liver.
Conclusion: There is paucity of data regarding the morphology and morphometry of the hepatic fissures based on cadaver and imaging studies. These fissures on the surface of liver serve as an important landmark to delineate vascular structures in various surgical procedures and imaging studies. The morphological and morphometric observations will help the surgeons and radiologists during surgical interventions and radiological interpretations on liver.
References
- Lodge JP. Liver. In: Standring S, editor. Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 41st ed. Elsevier International Edition; 2016. p1162.
- Romanes GJ. Cunningham’s Manual of Practical Anatomy. 16th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2017. Chapter 11, p. 183.
- Voruganti MR, Mohammed N, Gurrala RC, Chodary GH, Devarakonda L. Rouviere’s sulcus: Anatomy and its clinical significance in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. World J Lap Surg. 2023;16(1):4-7
- Joshi SD, Joshi SS, Athavale SA. Some interesting observations on the surface features of liver and their clinical implications. Singapore Med J. 2009;50(7):715-9.
- Patil S, Sethi M, Kakar S. Morphological study of human liver and its surgical importance. Int J Anat Res. 2014;2(2):310-4.
- Dave MR, Rajguru J. A study on the morphological variations of the human liver and its clinical implications. Natl J Integr Res Med. 2018; 5(4):110-3.
- Cawich SO, Gardner MT, Shetty R, Lodenquai P, Ramkissan S, HO P, et al. Rouviere’s sulcus: Anatomic landmark for safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Cureus. 2021;13(6):e15460. 150 Kulkarni et al. / Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology 2025;12(3):145–150
- Singh H, Singh R, Singh RK, Seghal G, Dewan RK. An analysis of the anomalous fissure of ligamentum teres hepatis: A morphological perspective in north Indian population. Cureus. 2024;16(4):e58984.
- Rong G, Wang Z, Wang X, Yu Q, Zhou L, Wang H, et al. The “Vessel through strait” sign is a signature radiological sign for diagnosis of left hepatic artery variation. Sci Rep. 2016:6(1):23922.
- Saha A, Srimani P. Unravelling the mystery of porta hepatis for surgical benefit. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2023;82(3):580-6.
- Neginhal DD, Kulkarni UK. Normal Anatomy of Porta Hepatis: A cadaveric study. Natl J Clin Anat. 2019;8(1):22.
- Gupta D, Sharma P, Gandotra A. Porta Hepatis in normal liver. Int J Biomed Adv Res. 2017;8(3):121-5.
- Dahmane R, Morjane A, Starc A. Anatomy and surgical relevance of Rouviere’s sulcus. Sci World J. 2013;2013:254287.
- Singh M, Prasad N. The anatomy of Rouviere’s sulcus as seen during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A proposed classification. J Minim Access Surg. 2017;13(2):89-95.
- Lazarus L, Luckrajh JS, Kinoo SM. Anatomical parameters of the Rouviere’s sulcus for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Eur J Anat. 2018;22(5):389-95.
- Deshatty DD, Shruti BN, Kavitha S, Madhumita LM. Morphometry and morphology of Rouviere’s sulcus of liver for laparoscopic cholecystectomy – A cadaveric study. J Evid Based Med Healthc. 2021;10(19):1403-7.
- Auh YH, Rubenstein WA, Zirinsky K, Kneeland JB, Pardes J, Engel IA, et al. Accessory fissures of the liver: CT and sonographic appearance. Am J Roentgenol. 1984;143(3):447-686.
- Parulekar SG. Ligaments and fissures of liver: Sonographic anatomy. Radiology. 1979; 130(2):409-11.
- Sone PJ Jr, Torres WE. Normal ultrasonic appearance of the ligamentum teres and falciform ligament. J Clin Ultrasound. 1978;6(5):(392).1403-7.
How to Cite This Article
Vancouver
Kulkarni JP, S.K. S, Gadamsetty S, Ghoshal JA. Morphology and morphometry of fissures on the liver surface, an anatomical study based on cadaver dissection [Internet]. Indian J Clin Anat Physiol. 2025 [cited 2025 Oct 21];12(3):145-150. Available from: https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.v.12.i.3.9
APA
Kulkarni, J. P., S.K., S., Gadamsetty, S., Ghoshal, J. A. (2025). Morphology and morphometry of fissures on the liver surface, an anatomical study based on cadaver dissection. Indian J Clin Anat Physiol, 12(3), 145-150. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.v.12.i.3.9
MLA
Kulkarni, Jyoti P., S.K., Sohanna, Gadamsetty, Sandeep, Ghoshal, Joy A.. "Morphology and morphometry of fissures on the liver surface, an anatomical study based on cadaver dissection." Indian J Clin Anat Physiol, vol. 12, no. 3, 2025, pp. 145-150. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.v.12.i.3.9
Chicago
Kulkarni, J. P., S.K., S., Gadamsetty, S., Ghoshal, J. A.. "Morphology and morphometry of fissures on the liver surface, an anatomical study based on cadaver dissection." Indian J Clin Anat Physiol 12, no. 3 (2025): 145-150. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.v.12.i.3.9