Prevalence and Psychological Impact of Bone Injuries in the Hand and Forearm

• MERUGU KUMKUMESHWAR GOUD,  
• MD Adil Faizan,*  
• Ajay kumar Gogulamudi,  
• sanjeev N Chincholi

Abstract

Introduction: Bone injuries to the hand and forearm, including fractures and amputations, are prevalent and can severely impact individuals' quality of life. These injuries are not only physically debilitating but also carry significant psychological consequences, potentially leading to conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Understanding the prevalence of these injuries and their psychological effects is crucial for developing comprehensive treatment and support strategies. Methods: This study, conducted at Mamata Medical College, Khammam, from February 2024 to July 2024, included 83 patients aged 18 to 75 years who underwent surgical intervention for hand and forearm bone injuries. Psychological impact was assessed using the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) at a three-month follow-up. Patients were categorized into PTSD (+) and PTSD (-) groups based on diagnostic criteria and PCL-5 scores. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests and T-tests, were performed to explore correlations between injury types, locations, and PTSD. Results: Of the 83 patients, 22 had amputations and 48 had fractures. Among them, 41 (49.4%) met criteria for probable PTSD. A significant association was found between amputation and PTSD (χ²(1) = 8.63, p = .013). Fractures in the index finger, long finger, and ring finger were more strongly correlated with PTSD symptoms (p-values: 0.047, 0.001, and 0.034, respectively). No significant differences were noted for fractures in other locations. Conclusion: This study highlights the substantial psychological impact of bone injuries to the hand and forearm, with nearly half of the patients showing probable PTSD. Amputation, in particular, is significantly associated with increased PTSD risk. Specific fracture locations, such as those in the index finger, long finger, and ring finger, also show a higher correlation with PTSD symptoms.

Keywords

Bone Injuries, Hand Injuries, Forearm Injuries, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Amputation